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The human being has a long history of breeding dogs, dogs are people's friends and assistants for they are loyal and devoted. After a long period of taming and training, now dogs can be classified working dogs, hunting dogs, gun hunting dogs, rat dogs, pet dogs and so on. Pet dogs have good appearance and character, they can dispel loneliness and bring happiness for the people. Now breeding dogs has become popular, they can affect the hosts' happiness and sadness as the member of the families, so the basic knowledge of how to breed dogs is essential for their masters. Following details may be a benefit for the masters, and provide them with a system and initial comprehension of the management of breeding dogs and common disease.
1 Daily management of baby dogs during lactation period: sufficient nutrition and sleep, proper sports, good hygiene.
(1) The first four days after birth, the master should often exam if the mother dogs hurt the baby dogs and suckling. If there are too many baby dogs born on one time, bottle feeding cow's milk or ewe's milk should compensate for a shortage of milk supply from the mother. The best temperature is from 38? to 40?. First milk a little milk of a mother dogs' nipple, put it on top of the bottle's nipple, then let the baby dog smell it. If you then put it in its mouth, it will accept it.
(2) Generally, the new-born baby dogs' body temperature is 34?, 35?-36? after one or two weeks, 36?-37? after three weeks. During this time baby dogs entirely depend on an outside source of heat, after six weeks, they can adjust the temperature by themselves.
(3) About two weeks after birth, the baby dogs' eye can feel light and the ears can hear, so avoid strong light and noise.
(4) Twenty days after birth, the baby dogs can have additional milk from a flat tray.
(5) Twenty-five days after birth, baby dogs can eat milk with small meat, yolk, porridge, chopped liver etc.
(6) Forty-five days after birth, normal food can be fed, paying attention to the appropriate amount, giving sufficient protein and compensation for calcium, phosphorus, vitamin A, D and fat. Proper vegetable should be given to avoid astriction.
2 Daily caring for growing dogs
(1)Growing dogs grow rapidly, the body gets larger gradually (mainly bones' growth); during this period, the feeding principle is to suffice their food. Six months after birth, the growing dogs like to chew on things, give them some bones of cow, sheep or pig; they not only can provide calcium and phosphorus, but also help in exercising their biting muscles.
(2) During this period, sufficient sports should be done. Through sports, the growing dogs can not only improve their adaptability and strengthen character, but also give them better adjusting and balancing abilities.
(3) In addition, dispelling fleas regularly is still important. The first time of examining their feces and dispelling fleas is when they are thirty days old and later make spot-checks and dispel once a month.
(4) When two months old, the baby dogs should get a vaccine inoculation.
3 Caring for mother dogs
* Mother dogs' breeding is affected by several conditions such as species, age, area, climate, feeding conditions etc.
(1) Small dogs have early sexual maturity (when they are 6-12 months old), big dogs a bit later (when they are 8-14 months old).
(2) The best breeding age for mid-small dogs is more than one and a half years old, big dogs should be about 2 years old.
(3) Dogs' breeding age should be less than 7-8 years.
(4) Sometimes dogs have two estrus, many dogs will be in the estrus in spring between March and May, and once again in autumn between September and November.
* Daily caring for pregnant dogs
(1) Pregnant dogs should do some proper sports, though somewhat reduced and avoiding violent jumping.
(2) Doghouses should be dry and have well-ventilated conditions. Doghouses can be made of carton boxes, leaving a gap on one side to let them go in and out conveniently.
(3) Before breeding, you should clean the nipples with a cleaning brush and cut the fur at the nipples for convenient feeding.
(4) Delivering tools should be prepared: scissors, cotton balls, gauze, ethyl alcohol (70%), tincture of iodine (5%), etc.
* Daily caring for mother dogs during lactation period.
After delivering, mother dogs should drink some light salt water and eat some food that is easy to digest like meat porridge to insure sufficient drinking. Keep the doghouse and the mother dog clean, ensure quiet surroundings, examine the mother dogs' nipples if they are injured. If so, they should be cured timely. Have a walk twice a day and gradually lenghthen the walk time from half an hour to one hour.
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